Archive for May, 2007


May

10

OFAC Pans New Michael Moore Film


Posted by at 9:42 pm on May 10, 2007
Category: Cuba SanctionsOFAC

Promo Still for SickoMichael Moore probably didn’t get a Christmas card from the Bushes this year — or any year for that matter. But he did recently get a nice letter from OFAC telling him we was under investigation.

It seems that Moore made a trip to Cuba in March 2007 while filming his new film “Sicko” and it seems that he didn’t have a license. So why didn’t OFAC simply fire off a charging letter and tell Moore to open up his checkbook? Because, as the OFAC letter states,

OFAC has information indicating that you claimed to qualify under the provision for general license [sic] for full-time journalists

That evidence is probably an April 15 New York Post article where a producer for the film told the Post reporter that the film crew traveled to Cuba pursuant to a “”general license that allows for journalistic endeavors there.”

The OFAC letter demands that, if Moore is claiming the general license for journalists, Moore should:

provide evidence [he is] regularly employed as a journalist by a news-reporting organization.

The general license for journalists to travel to Cuba is set forth in 31 C.F.R. § 515.563 and it covers travel to Cuba by individuals “regularly employed as a journalist by a news-reporting organization.”

Now Moore’s occupation and employment are not exactly state secrets and should be well known even to folks chained to their desks in the Cuba section at OFAC. He’s a documentary film-maker. Documentary film-makers are journalists. He’s employed by his production company Dog Eat Dog which makes documentaries. Companies that make documentaries are news-reporting organizations plain and simple.

This is the first instance I am aware of where OFAC has challenged the bona fides of a documentary film-maker who has traveled to Cuba on the general license to make a documentary film. Charlize Theron traveled to Cuba, apparently on a general license, to make her documentary on Cuban hip-hop and she hasn’t been asked to cough up her journalistic credentials. Perhaps that was because her documentary criticized Castro’s pervasive censorship of the arts in Cuba.

Moore may be controversial. People might not agree with what he says and think he’s a big fat liar. But that doesn’t mean that he isn’t a journalist or that his documentary film company isn’t a news-gathering organization.

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Copyright © 2007 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
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May

9

Internet Download From Iran Leads to Criminal Prosecution in U.S.


Posted by at 9:50 pm on May 9, 2007
Category: Criminal PenaltiesSanctions

3KeyMaster Screen ShotReader Mike Deal forwarded to me some of the documents filed in the prosecution of Mohammad Alavi, who has been charged with exporting copies of simulation software to Iran in violation of the Iranian Transaction Regulations. The affidavit filed in support of the arrest warrant provides some interesting background to the Alavi case.

According to that affidavit, Alavi was a naturalized U.S. citizen who was born in Tehran. He had worked at the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station since 1989 as a software engineer. In the summer of 2006, Alavi requested, and was granted, access to the site of Western Services Corporation in order to obtain a registration key to use Western Services Corporation’s software 3KeyMaster. That software is used, among other things, to simulate operations of power plants, including nuclear plants, fossil fuel plants and co-generation facilities. It is not used to control the actual operation of any power facilities.

Alavi resigned his position at Palo Verde in July 2006. Shortly after Alavi’s last day at Palo Verde, he traveled with his wife to Iran. In October 2006, while Alavi was in Iran, Alavi’s user name and password was used to log onto the Western Services site and download another registration key. The IP Address of the computer that logged on to the Western Services, 84.47.215.172, traced back to an Internet service provider located in Tehran, Iran. Alavi was arrested on his return to the United States on April 9.

The circumstantial case against Alavi, at least as set forth in the affidavit, seems strong. Each computer on which the 3KeyMaster software is downloaded needs a separate registration key for the software to operate. The registration key is generated by the Western Services website based on the serial number of the computer’s hard drive. The only reason for Alavi to log on to the Western Services site while in Iran was to obtain a 3KeyMaster registration key for the computer in Iran from which he logged on.

But Alavi may not be the only one who violated the Iran sanctions here. Western Services, after all, supplied the registration key even though the IP Address to which it supplied the key traced back to Iran. Without the registration key, the software would not continue to work. And a simple reverse DNS look-up by Western Services on the IP Address 84.47.215.172 would show that the computer was located in Iran. Click here to see for yourself.

The issue here is whether providers of Internet services should be required to take steps to determine the location of the computer requesting those services. As we previously noted, Google Earth took such steps to prevent download of the Google Earth software to computers located in Sudan. Should this be done by everyone providing services over the Internet? Did Western Services have an obligation to do a reverse DNS look-up before allowing a user to download a registration key? Let me hear your thoughts on this in the comments.

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Copyright © 2007 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
(No republication, syndication or use permitted without my consent.)

May

8

Rift Between DoD and DDTC Exposed


Posted by at 11:13 pm on May 8, 2007
Category: DDTC

Night Vision GogglesRumors of disagreements between the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (“DDTC”) and the Defense Department over export controls administered by the DDTC were confirmed today by an article in Defense News. That article reported that the DoD has commissioned a study from Washington think tank, the Center for Strategic and International Services, to evaluate current export controls on defense items:

Spurred by complaints by the U.S. Central Command that export controls were hampering the war effort in Iraq, the Pentagon has hired a think tank to study export-control regulations that impede turning technology over to U.S. allies and the Iraqi military.

Rules block the U.S. military from supplying some allies and Iraqis with sensitive equipment, such as certain kinds of communications gear and night-vision goggles. That means U.S. troops must continue performing dangerous missions rather than handing them off to others, said David Scruggs, a defense industry expert at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS).

Traditionally, the Pentagon has wanted to safeguard U.S. technology for use by U.S. troops. Now, however, . . . “they’re getting high-level people coming out of the field saying this is hurting us.” Export controls that prevent transferring technology are “causing casualties.”

That’s pretty strong language.

The study is expected to take a year. Reforming current regulations would, of course, take even longer than that.

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Copyright © 2007 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
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May

7

This Mobile Home Don’t Feel Like Home No More


Posted by at 8:52 pm on May 7, 2007
Category: OFAC

Trailer ParkLast week OFAC released it’s monthly report of civil penalties. One entry bears quoting in its entirety:

One individual has agreed to a settlement totaling $485 for allegedly engaging in transactions with an entity previously identified as a Specially Designated Narcotics Trafficker (“SDNT”) violating 31 C.F.R. Part 598: OFAC alleged that from February to June 2002, the individual made payments by cash and credit card to the SDNT representing rent for space for the use of a trailer. The individual did not voluntarily disclose this matter to OFAC.

Now, perhaps there’s more here than meets the eye, but what meets the eye is a monumental waste of taxpayer resources.

Just imagine the look on the face of the trailer park tenant when he received a letter from the Department of Treasury telling him it was illegal for him to pay his rent and then imagine his phone call with OFAC.

Tenant: “An SD what?”

OFAC Agent: “An SDNT. That means Specially Designated Narcotics Trafficker.”

Tenant: “Well, how the hell was I supposed to know that?”

OFAC Agent: “There’s a list of all the SDNTs. You can find it on your computer.”

Tenant: “You think if I could afford a computer I’d be living in a trailer and paying $200 per month rent?”

OFAC Agent: “If you don’t have a computer you can go to your library and look in the Federal Register. Although you’d have to look through them all.”

Tenant: “Okay, so let’s imagine I went and did that and found out that my landlord is a drug dealer in those Federal Register things. You mean I gotta stop paying him my rent? Are you nuts? These guys have guns.”

OFAC Agent: “That’s not really our problem, sir”

So what’s next? OFAC fines Miami couple $70 for paying bill in restaurant owned by SDNT? Nine-year-old fined $1.79 for buying pack of chewing gum in store owned by SDNT?

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Copyright © 2007 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
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May

3

Saddam’s Stogies


Posted by at 10:08 pm on May 3, 2007
Category: Cuba SanctionsOFAC

Saddam Smokes a StogieDuring an investigation of Col. William Steele for alleged improprieties in his oversight of the prison in Baghdad where high value detainees are kept, an interesting tidbit was revealed. Witnesses testified that Col. Steele provided Saddam Hussein with Cuban cigars. Hair dye too, but it’s the Cohibas that are causing the ruckus.

Army Brig. Gen. Kevin McBride of the 43rd Military Police Brigade of Rhode Island, who oversaw Iraq’s detention facilities while Steele was running Camp Cropper, said purchases of cigars for Saddam had been approved before either he or Steele assumed their commands.

OFAC mavens, of course, will understand that the folks over at OFAC are going to bust a gut over this. They are probably drafting a charging letter right now and trying to decide which military officials will be the happy recipients. Or maybe not.

The problem, you see, is that it’s not just illegal to import Cuban cigars. It’s illegal to buy them anywhere in the world even if you have no plans to bring them back to the United States. The “Cuban Cigar Update” posted on the OFAC website is succinct on this point:

The question is often asked whether United States citizens or permanent resident aliens of the United States may legally purchase Cuban origin goods, including tobacco and alcohol products, in a third country for personal use outside the United States. The answer is no.

Remember this the next time you’re in Europe and someone tries to slip you a Cohiba Cigar or a shot of Havana Club Rum.

(Via Export Boy.)

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Copyright © 2007 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
(No republication, syndication or use permitted without my consent.)