Archive for May, 2011


May

12

Color Me Not Surprised


Posted by at 3:17 pm on May 12, 2011
Category: Export Reform

Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
ABOVE: Ileana Ros-Lehtinen

Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, the Chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee and outspoken critic of any changes to the U.S. embargo on Cuba, today announced her opposition to the Obama administration’s proposed export control reforms.

Ultimately, new legislative authorities would be required to implement the administration’s plan – a plan substantially at variance with the current statutory scheme for controlling defense articles under the Arms Export Control Act and dual-use items under the Export Administration Act, and requiring Committee review. To date, a compelling case has not been made for the wholesale restructuring of our current system, especially one that would include the creation of a costly and perhaps unaccountable new federal bureaucracy.

One might easily question Ms. Ros-Lehtinen’s expertise in the export area by merely pointing out that from her quote she appears to think that the lapsed Export Administration Act is still in force. I bet she still refers to BIS as the Bureau of Export Administration too.

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Copyright © 2011 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
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May

11

Export License Required


Posted by at 6:52 pm on May 11, 2011
Category: Deemed Exports

JobsI think all the publicity of the new part of the I-129 non-immigrant visa application which asks companies to certify as to whether the company will be transferring export-controlled technology to the foreign employee is causing some confusion. I saw today a job listing for a gas turbine engineer that said this:

This position may require an export license from the Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security and/or the Department of State, Directorate of Defense Trade Controls. Issuance of any required license is a prerequisite for this position.

This is odd, because that license is only required if the person filling the position is not a U.S. citizen or permanent resident. And if the person is not, a work visa is required, which is a prerequisite prior to any export license. So why the emphasis on the requirement of an export license? Do people now think that export licenses may be required for any jobs involving controlled technical data?

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Copyright © 2011 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
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May

8

Maybe the Hawaiian Vacation Wasn’t Such a Good Idea


Posted by at 3:34 pm on May 8, 2011
Category: ArmeniaCuba Sanctions

Balikbayan BoxJohn Dennis Tang Ong, a Philippine-born Canadian citizen residing in British Columbia, pleaded guilty in federal court last Thursday to charges that he and an accomplice in the Philippines had conspired to export M-4 rifle parts from the United States to the Philippines without a license. According to the indictment, Ong’s accomplice, Ronnell Rivera, a resident of the Philippines, had been communicating with a federal undercover agent in an attempt to purchase the rifle parts from the agent. The plan was that the agent would ship the parts to an address in the United States and that Ong would then arrange for the shipment from the United States to the Philippines. Ong paid for the rifle parts by wiring the purchase price from a bank in the state of Washington to one in Atlanta, Georgia.

At Rivera’s request, Ong sent him an email that provided an address in the state of Washington to which the undercover agent could ship the parts. When the agent was reluctant to ship the parts to that address, Ong suggested, in another email, that the items should be sent by “balikbayan box.”

Although the indictment states, rather comically, that “balikbayan box” is a “freight forwarding company” it is, instead, as the name might suggest, a type of box. The box in question is a corrugated cardboard box of particular dimensions used by expatriate Philippines to send a number of small gifts packed together back to their family in the Philippines. Typically, the boxes are given to freight forwarding companies that specialize in putting these boxes on container ships for cheap, if slow, shipment to the Philippines and then delivering them to the addressees once they arrive. Ong allegedly also noted to Rivera that balikbayan box shippers rarely asked for identification from the shipper.

Ong and Rivera agreed on this plan, so Ong sent an email to Rivera with the address of a balikbayan box shipping company in Atlanta, Georgia, along with the specific dimensions and packing instructions for such a shipment. Rivera then forwarded this information to the undercover agent. Nine months later, Ong was arrested when he arrived in Hawaii for a vacation.

Although the indictment states that Ong traveled to the United States from time to time to arrange for exports from the United States to the Philippines, there are no allegations in the indictment that any of the activities at issue in the indictment occurred in the United States. It seems that instead all activities relating to this export by Ong occurred while he was in British Columbia. There seems a good chance that Canada would not have recognized that the U.S. had jurisdiction over Ong or permitted his extradition. In retrospect, Ong probably regrets his choice of Hawaii as a vacation spot.

After Ong’s guilty plea, Ong and the government stipulated to a judicial order of his removal to Canada, which means that his only incarceration will likely be time already served. His co-defendant Rivera is, as they say, still at large. He’s probably not thinking about a vacation in the United States. Ever.

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Copyright © 2011 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
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May

5

U.S. Citizen Indicted For Laptop Transshipments through UAE to Iran


Posted by at 1:34 am on May 5, 2011
Category: BISCriminal Penalties

Iran LaptopNew-York based electronics wholesaler Sunrise Technologies and Trading Company (“ST&TC”) and its president Jeng “Jay” Shih have been indicted in federal court in the District of Columbia for exporting laptops to Iran by transshipping them through the UAE. The criminal complaint filed in the case provides details of the investigation leading up to the indictment of Shih and his company.

According to the criminal complaint, in April 2010, Customs seized several shipments from ST&TC destined to a freight forwarder and to a purchasing company in the UAE. Review of emails from the purchasing companies to the freight forwarders revealed that those emails were sent through an Internet service provider in Iran. An investigation of one of the freight forwarders in UAE revealed that the company regularly shipped items to Iran. In an unrelated investigation, federal investigators arrested an Iranian in the UAE involved in the transshipment of items from the U.S. to Iran. The Iranian became a cooperating witness and wore a wire in various meetings with Shih. Conversations between Shih and the cooperating witness allegedly substantiate that Shih knew the end users for his shipments were in Iran.

In order to convict Shih and ST&TC, the government will need to prove that they knew that their UAE shipments were illegal. The criminal complaint suggests that the evidence in this regard will be a 2006 “outreach visit” by the Bureau of Industry and Security’s Office of Export Enforcement to Shih and his company where the OEE special agents informed Shih that it was illegal to export items to Iran. In addition, the criminal complaint cites statements allegedly made by the cooperating witness that Shih knew that the end users were in Iran. Significantly, the criminal complaint also cites statements that suggest that Shih labored under the common misconception that the U.S. embargo on Iran did not apply to shipments to other countries even if they were destined to Iran

Finally, in the context of discussing his efforts to contest the continued detention of the shipments, SHIH stated that he would never admit to agents of the United States Government that he was sending goods to Iran even though Sunrise was supplying computers from the United States to end-users in Iran, saying in sum and substance:

So no matter what, legal procedure, whatever, you have to fight that and say I never do that . . . even if you are doing this, you are not going to admit it, right?

Which I am legally, I’m not doing directly with Iran.

(emphasis added.)

This is a problem that recurs frequently in these transshipment cases. Proving that the defendant knew that the items were ultimately destined to Iran is not proof that the defendant knew that the export to the intermediary country was illegal. If OEE is going to engage in outreach visits, it ought to make clear that these transshipment scenarios are as illegal as direct shipments to embargoed countries.

Given the frequency with which these OEE “outreach visits” are later used by the government to shore up its case of criminal intent, it might be wise, if OEE shows up for an unannounced “outreach visit,” to tell the OEE agents that you are too busy to meet. If they insist on a subsequent meeting, you might want to have your lawyer there.

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Copyright © 2011 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
(No republication, syndication or use permitted without my consent.)

May

3

State Department’s Shapiro Addresses DTAG Plenary


Posted by at 2:45 pm on May 3, 2011
Category: DDTC

Andrew Shapiro
ABOVE: Andrew Shapiro

The State Department’s Andrew Shapiro addressed the Defense Trade Advisory Group Plenary this morning, and the text of his remarks as prepared were released a little while ago. Mostly Shapiro assured his audience of defense industry types that he expected Foreign Military Sales and Direct Commercial Sales of U.S. armaments to our allies would increase. (This, I suppose, is seen as an antidote to the impact of possible spending cuts by Congress on the Pentagon’s acquisition of arms and equipment.)

But the remainder of his speech hinted at some upcoming initiatives and agency actions. Fist, Shapiro said that proposed rule on third country and dual nationals that DDTC announced last August had been revised on the basis of industry comments and would be published this week. That proposed rule was widely disappointing to the export industry by failing to adopt an equivalent of the Department of Commerce’s rule that last awarded citizenship applies. Instead, it imposed upon defense contractors a broad and unmanageable obligation to snoop on their employees to determine whether too many phone calls to relatives in China suggested that the dual national bore unacceptable allegiances to the country of his or her birth. I, for one, am quite interested to see if the new rule abandons that nonsense.

Second, Shapiro announced that DDTC would gradually push its antediluvian (but highly profitable) registration process into the twentieth century by instituting an electronic registration process and — gasp! — electronic payments of registration fees. Currently, foreign broker registrations require that fees be paid by a paper check drawn on a U.S. bank and mailed (or delivered by carrier pigeon) to the State Department. An elderly aunt of mine has figured out how to receive credit card payments for the handmade crafts that she sells online. How hard can this electronic payment business be for the State Department? If the State Department would like some advice from Aunt Ellen on how to set up this electronic payment business, I’m sure she would be happy to oblige.

[Note to Readers: A busy schedule and some other factors resulted in fairly sparse posting over the past several weeks. More regular posting will resume with this post . . . I hope!]

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Copyright © 2011 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
(No republication, syndication or use permitted without my consent.)