Archive for the ‘Iran Sanctions’ Category


Jun

18

OMV to State: Pound Sand


Posted by at 8:36 pm on June 18, 2007
Category: BISIran Sanctions

OMV logoLast week we reported on increased jawboning by the State Department, which has been threatening to impose sanctions under the Iran Sanctions Act on foreign oil companies that do business in Iraq. One target singled out by State is the Austrian oil company OMV. In a daily press briefing, State Department spokesman Sean McCormack had this to say:

Well, we have talked to I think — the company is OMV. We’ve talked to the Austrian Government about these negotiations. I understand that OMV has recently signed a preliminary deal . . . [W]e would question why at this point given Iran’s behavior in the international community . . . [it] would want to encourage these sorts of business dealings with Iran at this . . . particular time.

It’s going to be a choice that each individual state, each individual business is going to have to make. We have also talked to them about the fact that there are potentially applicable U.S. laws that could be triggered under the Iran Sanctions Act for basically over a certain dollar amount for investment in the Iranian oil and gas sector there’s a possibility of looking at applying sanctions to the relevant companies. I’m not saying we’re at that point, by any means, but it is something about which countries around the world, businesses around the world need to be aware of.

Thomas Huemer, a spokesman for OMV, was quick to respond:

OMV spokesman Thomas Huemer said that the company would respect all Austrian, EU and relevant international laws in its dealings with Iran’s National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC).

Hmm, I don’t see U.S. law or the Iranian Sanctions Act included in that list.

Of course, to be fair to OMV, it is in a difficult position. E.U. Council Regulation No 2271/96 explicitly forbids E.U. companies like OMV from complying with the Iran Sanctions Act. And McCormack’s threats were, after all, only of the “we’re only just saying” variety.

In other news, the Bureau of Industry and Security (“BIS”) wins the double plus good Newspeak award for headlining it’s announcement of new, and widely criticized, export controls on China with this headline: “Enhancing U.S. China Technology Trade.”

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Copyright © 2007 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
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Jun

13

U.S. Threatens Secondary Boycott of Companies Doing Business in Iran


Posted by at 9:57 pm on June 13, 2007
Category: Iran Sanctions

Iranian oil fieldThreats by the United States to impose new sanctions against Iran include threats to take the Iran Sanctions Act out of mothballs and to start imposing sanctions authorized by that act against foreign companies investing in Iran’s petroleum sector. According to this report from the BBC:

Oil firms may face fines and other penalties if they sign deals to develop Iranian reserves of oil and gas, a State Department source told the BBC. Nicholas Burns, one of the most senior officials at the State Department, has a blunt message for energy companies considering Iranian deals. “We have been going round to the major oil and gas firms to let them know that this law [the Iranian Sanctions Act] exists and that we implement it if they cross the line,” he said.

Under the Iranian Sanctions Act, the President may impose certain specified sanctions on foreign companies that make investments exceeding $20 million in a twelve-month period that materially enhance the ability of Iran to develop its petroleum resources. Among those sanctions are a denial of the company’s ability to import into the United States.

When the law was initially enacted in 1996, the E.U. filed a complaint with the WTO that this secondary boycott of companies doing business with Iran violated the obligations of the United States under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. In response the E.U. and the U.S. entered into a Memorandum of Understanding that attempted to avoid a confrontation over the secondary boycott. Relying on the Memorandum, the Clinton administration waived sanctions under section 9(c) of the Iranian Sanctions Act with respect to a proposed investment of $2 billion by Total SA of France to develop the South Pars oil field in Iran. Subsequent investments by European companies in the Iranian oil sector have not been sanctioned by the U.S.

The re-institution of the secondary boycott will likely lead the E.U. to reinstate its WTO complaint. According to the previously mentioned BBC report:

A number of European energy giants – including Shell, Repsol of Spain and France’s Total – are at the moment considering multi-billion dollar contracts to develop Iranian gas fields.

This will put the U.S. in a difficult situation given its earlier arguments that secondary boycotts by Arab countries of firms doing business with Israel violate the GATT.

For an excellent discussion of the illegality of secondary boycotts under the GATT, see Professor Eugene Kontorovich’s comprehensive article in the Chicago Journal of International Law.

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Copyright © 2007 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
(No republication, syndication or use permitted without my consent.)

May

25

Another List to Check


Posted by at 2:54 pm on May 25, 2007
Category: BISIran Sanctions

A Short Hop Across the Straits of HormuzThe Bureau of Industry and Security (“BIS”) published today in the Federal Register an order denying export privileges to Super Net Computers, a Dubai-based computer retailer. You don’t have to be a rocket scientist, or a computer scientist, to guess why — Super Net was transshipping U.S.-origin computer parts to Iran. Surprise, surprise, surprise.

Dubai is just a short hop across the Straits of Hormuz to Iran and, not surprisingly, is the transhipment point of choice for goods being shipped into Iran in violation of the U.S. sanctions on Iran. Any exporter should exercise increased diligence when shipping goods to Dubai, and to the UAE, to insure that the goods don’t wind up in Tehran, which could lead to some pointed questions from BIS.

While searching the Internet to get information on Super Net Computers, we found a valuable asset to assist exporters in exercising that extra measure of care. There is a site called the “Iranian Business Directory Dubai” which bills itself as the “ultimate guide to Iranian businesses in Dubai.” And right there in that directory we found Super Net Computers, more or less advertising that any thing shipped to it would cross the Straits of Hormuz before you could say Ahmadinejad.

More than seven thousand other Dubai businesses — 7,222 to be precise — are listed on that directory, which makes the directory an extremely valuable resource. The “ultimate guide” indeed. Although not in the way we imagine it was intended.

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Copyright © 2007 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
(No republication, syndication or use permitted without my consent.)