Author Archive


Aug

5

I’m from the Government and I’m Here To Fine You


Posted by at 11:51 pm on August 5, 2015
Category: OFAC

PPI via https://m.facebook.com/ProductionProducts/photos/pb.207851795988965.-2207520000.1438832505./368040763303400/?type=1&source=54 [Fair Use]Today the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”) announced that it fined Production Products, Inc., a small family-run business in Maryland, the sum of $78,500 in connection with charges that the company exported HVAC duct manufacturing equipment to a company in China on the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List. OFAC noted that, because the equipment was valued at $500,000, it could have fined the company $1 million and touted its own beneficence in imposing such a reduced fine. Given that the maximum fine would likely have been a death blow to the company, this is somewhat equivalent to claiming that someone should be grateful because, although you could have killed them, you decided only to cut off a few fingers.

OFAC noted a number of “aggravating factors” that had gotten its dander up, all of which boil down to the fact that PPI had no idea that there was an SDN List and had no idea that it needed to check it or have a — gasp! — compliance program. Apparently not having an OFAC compliance program is the new Eighth Deadly Sin, ranking only slightly behind sloth and lust.

Rather than being an opportunity to add to the Federal coffers, this case should have been an opportunity for governmental self-reflection. Shouldn’t OFAC ask itself why this company — like millions of other small companies — has never heard of OFAC or its SDN List? These companies almost certainly know that there are certain things — guns, explosives and the like — that they can’t export but would be shocked (and justifiably so) to learn that you can’t ship so much as a pencil to a company in China on the mysterious list without suffering grievous consequences.

But instead of wondering why so many people have not heard of OFAC or its rules, OFAC gets its feelings hurt and lashes out with penalties. It seems to me that the efforts used to punish people for not knowing about OFAC might be better shifted to educational efforts to deal with the fact that so few small companies are aware of their obligations with respect to the SDN List.

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Copyright © 2015 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
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Aug

4

Breaking News: Two U.S. Senators Flunk ITAR Literacy Test


Posted by at 10:51 pm on August 4, 2015
Category: DDTC

Senator Chuck Grassley via  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Grassley#/media/File:Sen_Chuck_Grassley_official.jpg [Public Domain]
ABOVE: Sen. Chuck Grassley


Plenty of people are upset by the proposal by the Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (“DDTC”) to revise the definition of public domain to exclude technical data about defense articles released to the public without the permission of DDTC or the Department of Defense. But Senators Ron Johnson and Chuck Grassley are so fired up that they wrote a letter to DDTC, sent to me by a reader, demanding that they justify this position.

Of course, before taking the DDTC to task over the impact of an ITAR proposal, it might have been a good idea to actually read the ITAR itself, or at least parts of it. Yes, I know. Reading is hard. It takes away time that can be spent cavorting with lobbyists at steakhouses. But that is what the staff is for, right? Apparently not, judging from this whopper in the Grassley/Johnson letter to DDTC.

The proposal expands the definition of “defense article” to include items such as firearms ….

Now, I can understand saying this if firearms were in Category XIX or another Category near the end of the USML. That would require the staff to read all the way to the end of the United States Munitions List, a daunting task for even the most dedicated Senate staffer. But, as we all know — well all of us but Senators Grassley and Johnson and their staffs — firearms are covered by Category I. In fact, “firearms” is the first word in the title of Category I.

I think this is what used to be called an epic fail.

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Copyright © 2015 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
(No republication, syndication or use permitted without my consent.)

Jul

27

Don’t Believe Everything You Read in the Newspaper


Posted by at 11:32 am on July 27, 2015
Category: BISCriminal PenaltiesIran Sanctions

Republian Herald HQ via Google Maps [Fair Use]

From the Republican Herald (Pottsvile, PA) story on a guilty plea by Falcon Instrumentation and Machinery FZE in connection with an attempted shipment by Pennsylvania-based Hetran, Inc. of a bar peeling machine to Iran:

Federal prosecutors allege the machine, valued at more than $800,000 and weighing more than 50,000 pounds, has both military and civilian uses, which meant Hetran could not ship it to Iran without obtaining a license from the U.S. government. The machine is used in the production of high-grade steel, which is used in making automobiles and aircraft parts, according to prosecutors.

As astute readers of this blog will no doubt already know, U.S. companies like Hetran can’t ship anything at all (including EAR99 items) to Iran without a license or an applicable exception. But before we jump down the throat of a poor reporter in Pottsville, let’s think about what likely happened. In doing that, realize first that local reporters like DOJ press releases more than cats love catnip. Just rewrite it a little and push send and the day’s work is done.

And, indeed, as suspected there is a DoJ press release and it says this:

Under U.S. law and regulations, American companies are forbidden to ship “dual use” items (items with civilian as well as military or proliferation applications), such as the peeler, to Iran without first obtaining a license from the U.S. Government.

Sigh. I realize the export law and economic sanctions are a somewhat complicated area of law, but it does not seem unreasonable to suggest that the government employees who are charged with sending people to jail for export violations at least make an effort to understand the laws that they enforce.

[Note: I’m on vacation this week, so this is the last post for this week; normal posting resumes next week.]

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Copyright © 2015 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
(No republication, syndication or use permitted without my consent.)

Jul

23

BIS Amends EAR to Remove Cuba as a State Sponsor of Terrorism


Posted by at 3:59 am on July 23, 2015
Category: BISCuba Sanctions

Cuba Capitole by y.becart(Own work) [CC-BY-SA-2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Flickr https://www.flickr.com/photos/yoh_59/13697566663[cropped]On Wednesday, the Bureau of Industry and Security amended the EAR to reflect the removal of Cuba from the list of state sponsors of terrorism. Somewhat surprisingly, the impact of this removal is much less than might be imagined.

Of most importance, even though Cuba is no longer on the list of State Sponsors of Terrorism, all items exported to Cuba will still either need a license or an applicable license exception. The biggest change is that, by removing Cuba from the E:1 country group, a few license exceptions relating to countries in that group will no longer apply.

First, certain aircraft (principally private civil aircraft not operating under certain FAA carrier certificates) will be able to use License Exception AVS for temporary sojourns to Cuba. Second, certain encryption items that were excluded from being taken by travelers to Cuba in their luggage will now be covered by License Exception BAG. Third, License Exception RPL can now be used to export replacement parts to Cuba for explosive detection equipment and concealed object detectors lawfully exported to Cuba.

If the change in RPL causes you to raise your eyebrows — explosive detection equipment and concealed object detectors in Cuba?! — settle down and take a deep breath. This is just CCL-ese for the stuff they use in airports to screen you and your luggage before you get on the plane. Nobody wants the real terrorists to target planes flying from Cuba, particularly now that they will have more Americans on them.

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Copyright © 2015 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
(No republication, syndication or use permitted without my consent.)

Jul

22

Worst. Case. Ever. Seriously


Posted by at 2:27 am on July 22, 2015
Category: General

Fernando Zevallos  [Public Domain]
ABOVE: Fernando Zavellos


After reading the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals opinion in Zevallos v. Obama, I have to side with the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), something remarkable for me, but, honestly, the case for de-listing made by lawyers for a designated narcotics kingpin, Fernando Zevallos, was, simply put, ridiculous and the D.C. Circuit was overly polite in upholding OFAC’s decision not to delist him.

Zevallos’s lawyer, probably as an early sign of his desperation, argued that the Court of Appeals should review OFAC’s denial of delisting de novo and not under the arbitrary and capricious standard set forth under the Administrative Procedure Act. The court called such a request “extraordinary and rare,” pointed out that the argument was supported by only one case involving demonstrable agency bias, and, with barely muffled contempt, moved on to the merits. Sadly, for Mr. Zevallos, his arguments on the merits were even worse.

Here’s the thing. If you are trying to convince OFAC that you are no longer a narcotics kingpin, it’s best to make the argument while not sitting in a jail cell in Peru serving a twenty-five year sentence for narcotics trafficking and money laundering.

But wait, it get’s worse. It’s also not a good idea to get caught controlling Panamanian bank accounts with drug proceeds through your sister while sitting in that jail cell in Peru.

Now for the real kicker: Zevallos’s lawyers argued, apparently with a straight face, that this evidence relating to the Panamanian drug money accounts was irrelevant and OFAC could not rely on it in justifying its refusal to delist him because “it showed only that his family continued to control assets derived from narcotics trafficking” and that OFAC “may not rely on evidence that he owns such assets because he cannot legally or practically relinquish control of them, given that they are blocked.” No, I’m not making that up; it’s in black and white on page 10 of the slip opinion.

The court, naturally, is sceptical that you can’t renounce blocked assets. And it does not appear from the opinion that Zevallos even tried to do so. It seems to me that a document renouncing any claim to the funds and agreeing to escheat them to the Panamanian government, if unblocked by OFAC, would have worked like a charm.

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Copyright © 2015 Clif Burns. All Rights Reserved.
(No republication, syndication or use permitted without my consent.)